社会排斥视角下残疾人就业困境及帮扶路径研究

A Study on the Employment Dilemma and Assistance Path of Disabled Persons from the Perspective of Social Exclusion

作为社会弱势群体之一,残疾人应当得到政府及社会各界的积极帮助与支持,从而保障其充分就业的权益。但是,当前我国残疾人就业仍然存在着失业率高、就业岗位层次低、薪资待遇差、公共资源配置不足等多重困境。形成这些困境的原因在于制度排斥、市场排斥、心理排斥、教育排斥等多重社会排斥因素阻碍了残疾人的正常就业权益。因此,应当通过坚持人道主义、公平公正、优势视角等价值取向;充分发挥政府、企业、第三部门、社区、家庭、残疾人个体等多元参与主体的积极作用;进而从制度保障、市场规制、心理健康、教育公平等四个方面整合政治、经济、文化、社会等多元要素,从而建立符合我国残疾人真实诉求的就业帮扶路径。

As one of the social disadvantaged groups,disabled people should receive active help and support from the government and all sectors of society to protect their rights to employ.However,the employment of disabled people in China still has multiple predicaments such as high unemployment rate,low level of employment,poor salary and poor allocation of public resourcesat present.The reason for these dilemmas is that multiple social exclusion factors such as institutional exclusion factors,market exclusion factors,psychological exclusion factors,and educational exclusion factors hinder the normal employment rights of disabled people.Therefore,the construction of the employment assistance path for the disabled should adhere to the values of humanism,fairness and justice,the perspective of advantages,and should give full play to the positive role of the pluralistic participants such as the government,enterprises,the third sector,the community,the family,and the individual.In general,the construction of the disabled assistance path must integrate political,economic,cultural,social and other elements from four aspects:institutional security,market regulation,mental health,and educational equity to meet the real demands of employment for the disabled in China.