全自动液气控制修井作业天车安全装置设计

Design of the crown block security unit by automatic by draulic-pneumatic control in well service controlled through hydraulic-pneumatic ways

针对油田修井作业过程中,提升或下放油管柱时,由于操作人员疲劳、麻痹或其他客观因素的影响造成操作不当,使通井机刹车制动、换向不及时,游车碰撞天车造成作业机械、井口设施甚至人身伤亡事故的问题,设计了一种全自动液气控制修井作业天车安全装置。该装置主要有信号自动警示报送系统、气动离合自动放松系统和液压自动制动系统3部分组成。理论分析及试验证明该装置能有效配合作业机械操作系统灵敏可靠地保证修井作业时,游车不碰撞天车,以防止发生设备、人身安全事故。

In view of the person casualties mishap and the damage of the devices ,such as workover machines and wells mouth facilities, occurred in the oil tube raising or droping process,which are caused by the unsuitable operations such as inferior brake and commutation of the well dredging engine, the bus runned into the crown block etc., and the personnel staff are fatigued ,paralysis and other objective reasons,one kind of the crown block security unit of well workover jobs is designed which is completely automatic controlled through hydraulicpneumatic ways. This security unit is composed of three parts,signals autoalarm report system,pneumatic clutch autorelax system and hydraulic autobrake system.Through theory analysis and tests,it can be confirmed that this unit can effectively coordinate the workover machines operation system and prevent the bus from running into the crown block.So it deeply decreases happen rates of mishaps. 