葛麻纤维脱胶工艺与纤维性能研究

Study on the degumming process and fiber properties of Pueraria fiber

以葛麻纤维为研究对象,采用了预酸、预氯、预氧3种不同的预处理工艺配以碱氧一浴法、尿氧浸泡法、生物酶法、碱煮法进行葛麻的脱胶实验,通过对不同实验结果的分析研究,得到预氯处理配以碱煮法为最佳的脱胶工艺。对纤维横截面形态、细度、长度、回潮率和强伸性能以及纤维红外光谱等性能进行了测试和研究。测试结果表明,葛麻纤维的长度偏短,细度较细,回潮率偏低,强度较低,断裂伸长较小;葛麻纤维光谱的特征波数及特征基团与苎麻纤维接近;葛麻单纤维长度在1~5 mm,宜采用工艺纤维进行纺纱。

The pueraria fiber as the research object,the degumming experiment was done by three different pre-treatment such as pre-acid,pre-chlorine,pre-oxygen with alkali oxygen one bath method,urine oxygen soaking method,enzymatic method,alkali method for pueraria,through the analysis of the different experimental results,the optimal degumming process of the pre-treatment with chlorine alkali cooking method was obtained. The cross section,fineness,length,shape,moisture regain and tensile properties and infrared spectral properties of the fiber were tested and studied. The test results show that the length of the pueraria fiber is shorter,the fineness is more fine,moisture regain rate is low,strength is low,elongation at fracture is smaller; the spectral characteristic wavenumber and characteristic groups of pueraria fiber and ramie fiber are proximate; the length of the pueraria single fiber is between 1 ~ 5mm,which should be used in fiber spinning process.