碳纳米纤维纱的制备及表征

Preparation and characterization of carbon nanofiber yarns

利用自制的静电纺装置制备了PAN纳米纤维纱,然后通过预氧化和碳化工艺得到碳纳米纤维纱,利用SEM、X-衍射和激光拉曼光谱表征了其形貌和结构,并测试了其力学性能。结果表明,经预氧化和碳化得到的碳纳米纤维纱纤维直径和纱线直径均有所减小,但成纱表面仍具有均匀的捻回分布,部分纤维之间有黏结现象并发生断裂。碳纳米纤维纱的分子结构为碳-碳双键连接的网状结构,纤维中存在乱层状的石墨结构。碳化后的纳米纤维纱的断裂强力与断裂伸长率较炭化前的PAN原纱有所降低。

Carbon nanofiber yarns were prepared by the stabilization and carbonization of polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarns,which were obtained by home-made electrospinning appratus. The morphology and structure of carbon nanofiber yarns were characterized by SEM,X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of the yarns were also measured. The results showed that the diameters of the yarn and the fiber both reduced after stabilization and carbonization,however,uniform twist distribution was still observed on the surface of carbon nanofiber yarns,but some fibers conglutinated and ruptured. The molecular structure in yarn was the mesh structure connected by the carbon carbon double bond,and there were disorder layered structure of graphite in carbon nanofibers. Carbonized nanofiber yarns showed a reduced strength and elongation at rapture compared with PAN basic yarns.