棕榈纤维的生物降解性能研究

Research on the biodegradability of palm fiber

棕榈纤维具有优良的耐生物降解性能,土埋3个月后质量损失率仅为2.57%,为探究原因,分别对其进行物理和化学处理,经土埋试验后分析其质量损失及力学性能的变化情况。结果表明:物理处理方式去除纤维表面的薄壁细胞和硅石对棕榈纤维的生物降解性能影响很小;化学处理是主要影响因素,除去木质素和半纤维素的试样经土埋3个月后,其质量损失率分别达到44.81%和37.23%。除去半纤维素试样的力学性能损失要远高于其他组,2个月后断裂应力损失率高达70%,断裂伸长率下降到原试样的4%左右。木质素对棕榈纤维的质量损失影响较大,半纤维素有利于保持棕榈纤维的力学强度。

Palm fibers have very good resistance to biodegradability, and the mass loss rate after buried for 3 months is only 2.57%.Physical and chemical treatments are performed on palm fiber to explore the reason. The changes of the quality loss and mechanical properties of the palm fibers are analyzed after burial test. The results show that physical treatment methods to remove the parenchyma cells and silica on the surface of the fiber have no effects on the biodegradability of the palm fiber;however, chemical treatments are the main influencing factors. After buried in soil for three months, the quality loss rates of the sample containing lignin and hemicellulose reach 44.81% and 37.23%.The loss of mechanical properties of the hemicellulose samples is much higher than that of the other groups. After two months, the fracture stress loss rate is as high as 70%, and the elongations at break decreases to only about 4%. Lignin has a great influence on the mass loss of palm fiber, and the hemicellulose helps maintain the mechanical strength of palm fibers.