“知行合一”与“行知行”——两个范畴的概念

“The Integration of Knowing and Doing”and“the Cycle of Doing-Knowing-Doing”: Concepts of Different Categories

陶行知年轻时学习阳明学,信奉"知行合一"的理论,但是后来陶行知对王阳明的"知是行之始,行是知之成"的观点提出了批评,陶行知认为知识的形成应该是"行知行"的过程,随之提出了"行是知之始,知是行之成"的理论。陶行知师承杜威,他的"行知行"理论属于实用主义哲学认识论范畴,而王阳明的"知行合一"概念是一个道德修养范畴的理论,"知行合一"立足于传统儒学的体用论。"行知行"理论并不是对"知行合一"理论的扬弃,它借鉴的仅仅是"知行合一"理论的字面表述,所以陶行知对阳明"知行合一"理论的批判只是为了提出自己的"行知行"理论。

Tao Xingzhi studied Wang Yangming's philosophy in his youth,believing in the theory of 'integration of knowing and doing',but later Tao criticized Wang's perception of 'knowing results in doing,and doing results from knowing',and put forward his own theory of 'doing results in knowing,and knowing results from doing'afterwards. Tao's thought followed his teacher Dewey and belonged to the category of pragmatism epistemology,while Wang's theory belonged to the category of moral cultivation,which is rooted in the Tiyong philosophy of traditional Confucianism. 'Doing-Knowing-Doing'is not a discarding of the'integration of knowing and doing'notion,rather taking the reference of its literal representation. Therefore,Tao's criticism of Wang's 'integration of knowing and doing'is merely to pave the way for his own theory of 'doing-knowing-doing'.