基于启发式算法的悬臂式挡土墙尺寸优化

Size Optimization Design of Cantilever Retaining Walls by Heuristic Algorithm Optimization

悬臂式挡土墙结构在工程中应用广泛,但传统的trial-and-error设计方法比较依赖设计师的经验,且称不上优化。选取9个尺寸设计变量来描述悬臂式挡土墙结构,以墙体结构造价最优为目标函数,以结构尺寸限制和挡墙稳定性条件为约束条件,建立了悬臂式挡土墙结构尺寸约束最优化模型,通过模型求解,高效、智能的输出悬臂式挡土墙尺寸。结合工程实例,利用内点罚函数处理约束条件,采用3种启发式算法,包括遗传算法(GA)、粒子群算法(PSO)以及模拟退火(SA)对该约束最优化模型进行了求解。结果表明:启发式算法能有效的应用于悬臂式挡土墙的尺寸最优化,通过效率和可靠性分析比较,粒子群算法(PSO)在3种方法中具有优势。

The cantilever retaining wall structure is widely used in engineering,but the traditional design method of the try-and-error which depends greatly on the designer's experience is not optimized. 9 parameters are selected as design variables to define the structure and the establishment of cost functions in the analysis. Establishing a cantilever retaining wall structure size constraint optimization model through the size limit and stability conditions,thus solved the intelligent output the size of the cantilever retaining wall. Combined with engineering example,this paper uses interior point penalty function to deal with constraints and uses three heuristic algorithms,including genetic algorithm( GA) and particle swarm optimization( PSO) and simulated annealing algorithm( SA),which are used to solve the constrained optimization model. Results show that the heuristic algorithm can be effectively applied to the size of the cantilever retaining wall optimization. With respect to effectiveness and efficiency,PSO is recommended to be used.