生物质阻燃复合材料燃烧性能研究

Study on Biomass Combustion Performance of Flame Retardant Nanometer Composite Material

聚丁二酸丁二醇脂(PBS)是一种快速发展的新型生物可降解高分子材料,因其优异的综合性能而备受关注。但是,PBS易燃,并且容易在燃烧过程中发生熔融滴落现象,可能会引燃其他物体进而引发火灾,PBS的应用领域因此而受到限制。膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)作为一种新型无卤阻燃剂,主要由酸源、碳源和气源组成。通过物理共混的方法将膨胀型阻燃剂壳聚糖磷酸铵盐(NPCS)添加到PBS中,并对所得复合材料的热性能和燃烧性能进行探究。实验结果表明:NPCS作为一种三位一体的膨胀型阻燃剂,能够提高PBS的阻燃性能,增加PBS燃烧时的残炭量,而蒙脱土(OMT)是NPCS较好的协效剂,少量OMT的引入即能够显著改善PBS燃烧时的滴落现象,提高其阻燃级别。

Polybutylene succinate is a rapid development of new biodegradable materials,which has attracted much attention for their excellent comprehensive properties. However,PBS is so flammable that it can prone to melt dripping phenomenon in the combustion process,and it even be possible to ignite other substances and then cause a fire. Therefore,the application domain of PBS is restricted. As a new kind of halogen free flame retardant,the intumescent flame retardant( IFR) is mainly composed of acid source,carbon source and gas source. In this paper,intumescent flame retardant chitosan ammonium phosphate( NPCS) was added into PBS by physical blending,and the thermal and combustion properties of the PBS composites were researched. Experimental results show that NPCS can improve the flame retardant properties of PBS and increase the amount of carbon residue during the combustion of PBS. OMT is a better synergistic agent for NPCS.Only a small amount of OMT can greatly improve the dripping phenomenon of PBS,and increase the flame retardant grade of PBS[2].