基桩静载试验中美标准对比研究

Comparative Study on Technical Codes for Static Load Test of Pile Foundations Between China and the United States

针对基桩静载试验中国标准JGJ106—2014和美国ASTM相关标准开展对比研究,分析了基桩静载试验中美标准主要差异性。不同于JGJ106—2014,ASTM相关标准更注重试验过程的控制,保证试验数据的准确性,而不提供试验数据的分析与判定方法。参考美国AASHTO标准规定,确定了基桩检测技术ASTM相关标准检测数据的分析与判定方法。静载试验中美标准存在很大差异,美国ASTM标准推荐采用快速荷载试验法,相比中国标准JGJ106—2014推荐采用的慢速维持荷载法,其优势在于试验周期明显缩短,可减少昼夜温差等环境引起的沉降观测误差,且采用等时间间隔加载更易于控制,人为因素对试验数据的影响相对较小。

A comparative study was conducted on technical codes for static load test of pile foundations between Chinese standard JGJ106—2014 and the relevant American ASTM standards.The main differences between Chinese and American standards were analyzed.Different from JGJ106—2014,ASTM standards pay more attention to the control of the test process and ensure the accuracy of the test data,and do not provide the test data interpretation.Referring to the AASHTO specifications,the test data interpretations of ASTM standards were determined.There are big differences between Chinese and American standards on static load test.For vertical static load test,ASTM standards suggest the Quick Load Test,other than JGJ106—2014 suggests the Slow Maintained Test.In contrast,the quick load test is time saving so that it can reduce the settlement observation error caused by environmental influences.Human factors have relatively little influence on the experimental data for using constant time interval to apply test load.