鞘翅目昆虫线粒体DNA多态性研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON MTTCHONDRIAL DNA POLYMOPHISM OF COLEOPTERA INSECT

线粒体DNA(mtDNA)是真核细胞中分子量较小而又较易纯化的复制单位,因其遗传结构简单,遵守严格的母系遗传方式,且进化速率较核DNA快,无重组现象等特点,目前已成为分子系统学研究中应用仅次于rDNA的分子。本文对鞘翅目昆虫mtDNA多态性的研究进行综述,根据1999年～2002年的相关资料,表明mtDNA在鞘翅目昆虫系统学研究中应用广泛,共涉及14科37属200多种。mtDNA在近缘种的分类、种间及种内系统发生关系,种群的起源、分化及群体遗传学等研究中有着十分重要的意义。

mtDNA is widely used in study on molecular systematics. mtDNA has advantages over nuclear DNA in estimating phylogenetic relationship among insect taxa because of its small molecular weight and rapid evolution, easily purified and its inheritance without gene recomlination. The paper summarised the research on mtDNA polymorphism of Celeoptera insect. Aecorrling to the data from 1990 to 2002 years, it shows that there are 200 species, 37 genus, 14 families of Coleoptera have been studed the mtDNA. The mtDNA has very important values in classification of close relative species, phylogeny within and among species, origin and differenciation of population.