拼写发展论和单词学习法:理论和实践

Developmental Spelling and Word Study:Theory and Practice

不同理论派别对拼写或书写知识和能力发展看法不尽相同。拼写发展论从形素对音素表征随时间变化角度出发,提出阶段论观点。Henderson及同事和学生受Read和Chomsky等人的启发,追踪调查英语母语学童创造性拼写现象,发现呈现与阶段性相关的共同特征,从开始涂鸦式,依次经过字母-拼音、单词内部结构、音节词缀的转变,最后是派生关系。在此基础上创建了单词学习法,作为融拼写与语音和词汇于一体的综合性教学法。本文先介绍拼写发展论的演进和主要论点,以及单词学习法的具体应用,然后回顾对该理论和教学法的检验和评价,最后总结了两者对中国外语学习者开展英语拼写教学和研究的启发。

Theorists are divided in interpreting development of spelling knowledge and competence .The spelling developmental school constructs its phase model on the ground that such process is characterized by morpheme -phoneme correspondence , which progresses in a linear manner .Word study is developed on the basis of this theory to teach spelling ,in addition to phonics and vocabulary .Henderson ,together with his colleagues and students ,was inspired by previous researchers like Read and Chomsky ,and conducted longitudinal studies on American children’ s invented spellings .They found that these spellings displayed systematic features in different stages ,which are now generally classified into five ,beginning with the emergent stage , then the three intermediate stages of letter name -alphabet ,within word pattern ,syllables and affixes ,until the last one , derivational relation stage .This paper firstly introduces the evolution of developmental spelling theory ,and its main arguments and proposed methodology ,word study .After that ,the paper reviews critiques on the theory and the methodology .The paper finally concludes some insights to the English spelling teaching and research in China .