文凭本身能够提高个体收入吗——对中国劳动力市场上羊皮纸效应的实证检验

Can Diploma itself Increase Individual Income: An empirical Test on Sheepskin Effect in the Chinese Labor Market

鉴于国内关于羊皮纸效应相关实证研究的缺乏,本文利用齿条(Spline)模型实证分析了我国的羊皮纸效应,并比较了性别、工作部门(非农业vs农业)、地区之间的差异。基于实证结果,建议一方面尽快建成资历框架(qualification framework)或者学分银行(credit bank)、打通人才成长的"立交桥";另一方面,提高西部贫困地区的教育质量以及教育与当地劳动力市场之间的联系,让学习者能够"学有所用"。

In view of the lack of empirical research on sheepskin effect in China,this paper empiricallyinvestigatesthe sheepskin effect in the Chinese labor market and compares the differences among gender,sectors(non-agricultural VS agricultural)and the regions by using spline model.The result shows that:the diploma of juniormiddle school and undergraduate have significant sheepskin effects,and the effect of senior high school is insignificant;the sheepskin effect of female was higher than male;for agricultural workers and those who live in the western region,diploma of all educational levels cannot promote the individual income significantly.Based on the above empirical results,this papersuggests that the government should establish Qualification Framework or the Credit Bank as soon as possible,and get through the'Overpass'of talent growth.On the other hand,the administrative departments for education should improve the quality of education in western poor areas,also enhance the relationship between the education and the local labor market,so that the learners can make the best use of the knowledge and skills they learned in school.