新时代我国农村寄宿制学校劳动教育的内涵、问题与对策

The Connotation, Problems and Countermeasures of Labor Education in Rural Boarding Schools in New Era

正确理解和把握劳动教育的时代内涵,是开展劳动教育实践和研究劳动教育现实问题的认识论前提。习近平总书记在新时代重申的劳动教育命题,至少应从'目的'、'方法'和'哲学'三个层面加以认识和运用。当前我国农村寄宿制学校劳动教育发展面临着包括家庭劳动教育严重失位、传统劳动价值观与读书无用论构型的社会-文化屏障、学校劳动教育长期受抑于'安全'与'应试'等现实困境,因此,必须立足于劳动教育的时代内涵和农村寄宿制学校本身的现实性与特殊性以寻求化解与发展的方法:以社区教育与家长教育为途径,重塑家长劳动价值观,促发家长正确的劳动教育行为;以县域政府力量为杠杆,构建地方性劳动教育方案和制度保障,为劳动教育合法性证明;走向学生自治,发展自我服务型劳动教育模式,此为劳动教育的根本方法。

Correctly understanding and grasping the connotation of labor education is an epistemological premise for carrying out the practice of labor education and studying the practical problems of labor education.The proposition of labor education reaffirmed by Xi Jinping in the new era should be understood and applied at least from the three levels of'purpose','method'and'philosophy'.At present,the development of labor education in rural boarding schools in China faces the social-cultural barriers including the serious dislocation of family labor education,the traditional labor values and the uselessness of reading,and the longterm suppression of school labor education in'safety'and'testing'.The predicament must be based on the connotation of labor education and the reality and particularity of the rural boarding school itself to seek ways to resolve and develop:using community education and parent education as a way to reshape the values of parents’work and promote the correctness of parents’labor education behavior;using the power of county government as a lever to build local labor education programs and institutional guarantees,proving the legality of labor education;and going to student autonomy and develop self-service labor education mode,which is the fundamental method of labor education.