教育政策创新扩散的风险及其规制——以新高考改革试点为例

The Risk and Regulation of Educational Policy Innovation Diffusion:New College Entrance Examination Reform Pilot Program as an Example

教育政策的创新扩散机制为新高考改革的不断推进奠定了基础,是教育改革和社会治理的重要工具。新高考改革正处于试点经验逐步扩散的关键期:首批试点的经验仍需不断反思,后续试点的方案尚在谨慎设计。结合政策制定过程的思路来分析,新高考试点地区已结合自身的创新优势设计、完善改革方案,可行方案尚须在共识的基础上持续推进,创新方案的实施与扩散正通过渐进性调节和部分复制获得进一步推广。对于后续试点地区而言,政策学习和大数据分析有助于降低创新方案的成本风险,动态监控舆情能够降低制度的公信力风险,高校与社会参与将合理控制政策的可复制性风险。

The innovation diffusion mechanism of education policy has laid a foundation for the continuous promotion of the new college entrance examination reform and is an important tool of education reform and social governance.The new college entrance examination reform is in the critical period of gradual diffusion of pilot experience:the first pilot experience still needs to be constantly reflected,and the subsequent pilot program is still carefully designed.Combined with the thinking of the policy making process,the new college entrance examination pilot areas have designed and improved the reform plan based on their own innovation advantages.The feasible plan must be continuously promoted on the basis of consensus.The implementation and diffusion of the innovation plan are being further promoted through progressive adjustment and partial replication.For the following pilot areas,policy learning and big data analysis are helpful to reduce the capital risk of innovative schemes,dynamic monitoring of public opinion can reduce the risk of system credibility,and the participation of universities and society will reasonably control the risk of replicability of policies.