基层实践的社会工作专业主体性探索与构筑——基于一项政府购买服务的行动研究

Building the Professional Subjectivity of Social Work in the field practice: An Action Research in A Government Purchase Service

本文基于一个政府购买社会工作服务项目的行动研究,探索基层实践中社会工作专业主体性构筑之路。分析发现:项目购买阶段和评估阶段'行政体系内部决策''基层社区需求声音缺位'等特点,为行政思维的强势渗透提供了空间,也压缩了社会工作的专业发展空间,造成了专业手法无从施展、专业价值观运用被弱化、项目目标偏离、专业本质迷失,甚至滋生专业成长惰性的局面。然而,行政性与专业性并非不兼容,在充满复杂性、不确定性与限制性的本土情境下,社会工作专业主体性的构筑将更加依赖实践过程中主体间的良好互动;良好互动的推动,也更能充分体现专业背景所赋予社会工作者的专业敏感性及最强能动性特质。在此过程中,实现以专业逻辑扭转项目逻辑,以需求导向转换行政导向,致力于社会工作者和服务对象双向的可能性空间挖掘;同时,讲求专业能力与实践艺术性共存,即既有专业性又不失人情味,以沟通、互动促生社会工作者与社区之间的情感共振与共识达成,使社会工作真正成为连接政府与民众的桥梁。

In this article,the author intends to explore the social worker’s professional subjectivity in field practice.Through an action research in a government purchase service,the author reveals the challenge of achieving the professional subjectivity in the context of interweaving with the government constraints,demonstrates the social worker’s strongest initiative as a subject and the sensitivity from the professional background.Thus,form the good communicating atmosphere among different partners,switch to the profession logic rather than the administrative one;pay attention to the demand orientation rather than the administrative one in the field practice,to meet the clients’truly needs.