美国航天器热设计建模仿真标准分析及启示

American Standards Analysis of Models and Simulations for Spacecraft Thermal Design

介绍了NASA于2008年发布的NASA-STD-7009建模与仿真标准。此标准内容包括项目管理、模型发展、仿真执行、结果验证及不确定量分析、推荐学习案例、训练方法、建模及仿真可信度评估、结果报告八个方面,对仿真建模过程建立了一系列可靠性评估方法,提升仿真结果的可信度和支撑项目的决策。基于喷气推进实验室(JPL)的火星探路者(MER)探测器热设计案例,阐述了建模及仿真可信度评估中可信度评估因子分类、等级、打分方法,以及评估打分结果应用等过程。结合我国航天发展的需求,提出了相关标准建立、可信度评价体系发展和软件基础提升等建议,可为后续的相关研究和应用提供参考。

The NASA-STD-7009 standard for models and simulations released by NASA in 2008 was introduced in this paper.The standard covered 8 parts which were program and project management,models,simulations and analyses,verification and validation as well as uncertainty quantification,recommended practices,training,credibility assessment,and reporting results to decision makers.The series credibility assessment methods were established for M & S to improve the credibility of the simulation results and support the decision of the program.Based on a sample of thermal control system M&S activity for Mars Exploration Rover(MER)of JPL,the classification,level,grading of the credibility factor in evaluation were introduced,and so was the application of the evaluation result.Based on our spaceflight developments requirements,the suggestions on standard establishment,credibility assessment and technique foundation were put forward,which could be served as the reference for relative studies and applications.