一种遥感卫星宽幅无盲区拼接成像路径自主规划方法研究

An Auto Route Programming Method Research for Satellite's Multi-Bar Image Mosaic Technology with Biggest Breadth and No Blind Area to Target

为解决低幅宽卫星载荷因幅宽小而导致成像覆盖物面窄、效率低、使用复杂的缺陷,提出了一种多条带拼接成像路径自主规划方法。先完成单次侧摆成像规划:通过卫星、目标相对位置关系判断成像时机,规划包括姿态机动开始时刻、成像开始时刻、成像结束时刻、滚动目标姿态角,以及可成像总时长的成像时域确定。再进行多条带拼接成像规划:由成像开始时刻及姿态偏置要求确定条带拼接方向,计算图像拼接点位置参数;根据满足载荷成像最大允许俯仰姿态机动角和姿态机动速度,确定相邻次成像开始时刻卫星位置与姿态机动开始时间;由成像时刻的轨道位置、前后摆俯仰姿态角、图像拼接点位置及侧摆成像偏流角计算相邻次成像滚动目标姿态;根据确定的滚动、俯仰目标姿态角和成像位置迭代计算偏流角,确定偏航目标姿态。给出了相应的单次侧摆成像路径和最大面积多条带拼接成像路径的自主规划计算流程。仿真结果表明:该方法能根据卫星姿态机动能力、轨道参数及载荷视场角自主完成成像条件分析及路径规划,实现载荷对目标区域无盲区最大幅宽成像,提高成像效率及卫星在轨任务自主规划执行能力。

To solve the low size of detected area,low work efficiency and complicacy in operation of space camera with narrow field of view,an auto route programming method for satellite's multi-bar image mosaic technology was studied in this paper.The first step was auto route programming a single side-sway imaging.The imaging route which included maneuvering start time,imaging start time,imaging end time,roll angle and single bar imaging time was programmed through judging position relationship of target area and satellite.The second step was multi-bar image mosaic programming.The mosaic direction was decided by imaging start time and attitude.The position parameters of image mosaic point were calculated.The satellite position and maneuvering start time of the next imaging were determined by the maximum allowable pitch angle and attitude maneuvering velocity.The roll angle of the next imaging was computed through orbit position,pitch angle of front and back sway,position of image mosaic point and side-sway drift angle.The drift angle was calculated according to the roll angle,pitch angle and imaging position.The yaw angle was set.The relative auto programming flowcharts of the single side-sway imaging route and multi-bar image mosaic imaging route with the biggest breadth and no blind area to target were given.The simulation results show that the multi-bar image mosaic technology proposed can accomplish the analysis of image condition and route programming by spin and maintenance of satellite attitude at the right point in right time.The arithmetic achieves programming automatically for imaging route having the biggest breadth with no blind area based on evaluation of the relative position of the satellite and target when the load's field of view and the satellite's slew ability are considered.