中性键合剂在叠氮高能推进剂中应用工艺研究

Study on Application Process of Neutral Polymeric Bonding Agent in High Energy Nitrine Propellant

为提高叠氮高能推进剂(BAMO-THF/A3/AP/HMX/Al)力学性能,避免脱湿现象,对中性聚合物类键合剂(NPBA)在推进剂中添加应用工艺进行了研究。基于NPBA对在硝胺表面包覆效果和键合剂反应速度的影响机理,通过实验研究了键合剂加入方式、溶剂用量、捏合温度和捏合时间对键合剂键合效果的影响。结果发现:为使键合剂均匀分散至捏合体系中,增大与硝胺的接触,需将键合剂溶于溶剂再添加至药浆中,捏合过程中通过抽真空抽除溶剂;较高的捏合温度利于提高药浆流平性,加快键合剂与固化剂的反应速度,改善不同组分间的相容性,但温度选择时应考虑生产设备的限制;延长捏合时间可使键合剂充分包覆硝胺,提高推进剂力学性能。研究确定的NPBA用于叠氮高能推进剂的最佳工艺条件为:采用溶剂RJ溶解NPBA,RJ与NPBA质量比为5∶1;在温度60℃下捏合60~90min,捏合后抽真空20min。采用该工艺时,出料的工艺性能良好,经固化制得的推进剂方坯力学性满足使用要求。

In order to improve the mechanical properties of high energy nitrine propellant(BAMO-THF/A3/AP/HMX/Al)for avoiding dehumidifying phenomena,the application process of neutral polymeric bonding agent(NPBA)in the propellant was studied in this paper.The influence of the addition way of NPBA,solvent amount,reaction temperature and reaction time on the processing effect was studied by the experiment based on the mechanism analysis of NPBA cladding on nitramine and reaction speed of the bonding agent.It found that the bonding agent should be dissolved in some solvent and then added into the propellant slurry which would make the bonding agent disperse in the reaction system and increase the touching area with nitramine.The solvent could be extracted by vacuum-pumping during the reaction process.The higher reaction temperature is benefit to improve the leveling of the slurry,quicken the reaction of the bonding agent and curing agent and improve the compatibility among various components.But the constrain of the manufacturing device should be considered in the selection of the reaction temperature.The increase of the reaction time could make the bonding agent cladding the nitramine fully.The best application process of NPBA in high energy nitrine propellant is that NPBA is dissolved by solvent RJ;the amount of solvent RJ is five times of NPBA;the reaction temperature is 60℃;the reaction time is the 60~90 minutes;vacuum-pumping time is 20 min.The process performance of propellant is very good and the mechanical properties of propellant meet the requirement through the best process.