英汉海事术语的明喻与隐喻方式

Simile and metaphor meanings in maritime English and Chinese terms

为研究有比喻意义的海事术语,以西方语言学中的比喻理论为分类方法,以《标准航海通信用语》,《航海科技名词》,中英文两种版本的航海、轮机、海事法规等专业书籍为语库,从中提取出有比喻含义的英语、汉语术语并进行归类.对典型术语的明喻与隐喻特征进行剖析,特别是将一些相同术语从英语到汉语的比喻保留或转变进行了分析.通过比较与分析得出海事英语术语和海事汉语术语的明喻和隐喻规律及其从英语传播到汉语中的变化规律.该研究可为从事海事英语研究、海事文献翻译、VTS和搜救等工作的人员提供理解这类比喻类词汇的方法和理论依据.

In order to study the maritime terms with simile and metaphor meanings,in terms of simileand-metaphor theory of the western linguistics as classification approaches,the maritime English and Chinese terms with simile and metaphor meanings are selected and then classified from the databank built with Standard Marine Communication Phrases and Navigation Science Terms as well as the databank founded with publications overseas regarding navigation,marine engineering,maritime laws in both English and Chinese versions. The simile and metaphor characteristics of typical terms are analyzed. Especially,the remaining and transferring of simile and metaphor for the same terms from English to Chinese are analyzed. Through comparison and analysis,the simile and metaphor rules in the maritime English and Chinese terms are concluded respectively and transmission rules from the maritime English terms to the maritime Chinese terms with simile and metaphor meanings are also acquired. The research can provide a way and a theory basis to comprehend the terms with simile and metaphor meanings for those who engage in maritime English research, maritime publication translation, VTS operation, Search And Rescue( SAR),etc.