一种用于桡骨远端骨折的新型医用小夹板设计与评价

Design and Evaluation of a Novel Splint Used in Distal Radius Fracture

为克服现有桡骨远端骨折非手术治疗方法存在的缺陷,从骨折固定的最新理念出发,提出了一种新型小夹板的模块化设计方法,即在原有传统小夹板的基础上添加多个具有固定、牵伸及活动功能的模块.在对其进行相关的运动学、力学分析后,通过实验建立了模块位移与皮肤变形、手腕旋转力矩与旋转角度之间的关系.实验结果表明:该新型小夹板可以通过位移的加载来实现牵伸作用;在固定状态下具有较强的刚性,而在活动状态下则具有可变的活动范围及刚性.由此初步验证了所设计小夹板功能的有效性,为进一步的深入研究奠定了基础.

A novel modularized splint was designed to have functions of fixation,traction and flexibility following the principle of modern osteosynthesis,to overcome the shortage of the common non-surgical treatment of distal radius fracture.A concrete design with detailed kinematic and mechanical analysis was put forward.Then experiments which built relationships between displacement with skin deformation and moment of wrist rotation with angle were set.The results indicated that the novel splint was able to realize traction by displacement,and had sufficient stiffness in fixation mode,while had a changeable range of motion and stiffness in flexible mode.Therefore,the effectiveness of the mechanism could be proved and the foundation of further research was laid.