试论典型性与审美愉悦的关系——从蔡仪的“美即典型”出发

On the Relation between Prototypicality and Aesthetic Pleasure——Starting from Cai Yi's “Beauty is Prototypicality”

蔡仪"美即典型"中提出了一个重要的关于美本质的概念,即认为美的本质在于该事物的客体特质是典型的。"美即典型"是哲学思辨美学的一个核心命题或理论构想,本文从神经美学的角度进行了初步验证:事物的典型性使得神经加工具有高流畅性,两者成正相关关系,而内侧眶额叶皮层对高加工流畅性具有一定敏感性,于是高流畅性信号激活了内侧眶额叶皮层,带来了审美体验的愉悦感。总之,神经美学的实验结果给"美即典型"理论带来了实证支撑,神经加工的高流畅性可能是从客体特质的典型性通往审美愉悦的一个重要的中间环节。

Cai Yi put forward an important concept about the essence of beauty,that is,the essence of beauty lying in the object characteristics of the thing is Prototypicality.'Beauty is Prototypicality'is a core proposition or theoretical conception of philosophical speculative aesthetics.This paper makes a preliminary verification from the perspective of neuroaesthetics:the Prototypicality of things makes nerve processing highly fluent,and the two are positively correlated,while the medial orbitofrontal cortex is sensitive to high processing fluency,so the high fluency signal activates the medial orbitofrontal cortex and brings about the pleasure of aesthetic experience.In a word,the experimental results of neuroaesthetics provide empirical support for the theory of'beauty is Prototypicality'.The high fluency of neuro-processing may be an important intermediate link from the Prototypicality of object characteristics to aesthetic pleasure.