民国理学家群体的政治认同及其嬗变——以灵峰精舍为例

Transformation of Neo Confucian’s Identity in the Republic of China:A Case of Lingfeng Jingshe

民国理学家夏震武及其灵峰精舍弟子是长期被忽视的一个乡间理学家群体,他们秉持独特的'华夷观'和'公天下'理想,否定清王朝和中华民国的政治合法性,既不认同君主专制,也不承认民主共和制,隐居山林,笄发古服,践行儒家'三代'理想。但1930年夏震武去世后,其弟子纷纷变服剪发,逐渐分化,其中大部分开始认可国民党政权,成为民国'国民',后来甚至以儒家的方式接受共产主义理论。这群近代儒士的认同转变过程绝非线性逻辑所能概括,天下、国家、中学、西学,各种思想因素交织在一起。传统儒家理想一方面是他们拒绝民主共和政府的理论基础,另一方面也成为推动他们接受近代民族国家观念的原动力。

Xia Zhenwu and his disciples in Lingfeng Jingshe had distinctive concept of Huayi and Confucian ideal of public world,they denied die political legitimacy of Qing Dynasty and Republic of China,lived in seclusion and wore historical costumes,realising their Utopia.But after Xia’s death in 1930,the disciples became divided,the majority of them gradually accepted Kuomintang’s regime,even identified with the theory of communism.The identity treansformation process of them can not be generalized with linear logic,and many kinds of ideological facters were intertwined in their mind.Tranditional Confucian philosophy so far as to promoted them accepting the concept of nation-state.