地方政府社会治理工具选择的文本研究——基于15个省份180份政府工作报告的分析(2006-2017)

A Rational Examination on the Selection of Local Government’s Social Governance Tools——Textual Analysis Based on 180 Government Work Reports of 15 Provinces(2006-2017)

地方政府社会治理工具的审视和选择是否合乎理性直接关系到社会治理能力现代化建设。本文以理性审视社会治理概念为逻辑起点,构建了地方政府社会治理工具选择的三维分析框架,并在此框架下运用文本分析方法,以2006年至2017年间15个省份的180份政府工作报告为研究对象,从内容维度、时间维度和空间维度来探究地方政府在社会治理工具理性选择上的类型差异、历史演变和空间布局。研究表明地方政府在社会治理工具选择的内容上具有管理工具应用过溢、服务工具使用充分、协同工具选择不足、自治工具发育匮乏以及具体工具内部出现选择的结构性偏差特征;时间上具有选择的延续性和稳定性以及趋向善治的特征;空间上具有选择结构的一致性、强偏好的差异性以及均衡性上东部优于中部和西部的特征。为了进一步提升社会治理工具使用绩效、促进社会治理现代化,地方政府应积极优化社会治理工具结构,从而更好推动共建共治共享社会治理格局建设。

Whether the examination and selection to the local government social governance tools is rational or not,it is directly related to the modernization of social governance capacity.This paper takes a rational review of the concept of social governance as a logical starting point,and a three dimension analysis framework which include content,time,and space are constructed.Under this framework,we use the textual analysis method to examine the 180 government work reports as research object to explore the types,historical evolution,and spatial distribution of local government’s rational choice of social governance tools from content,time and space dimension.This research gets three results.Firstly,on the content dimension side,the local government are equipped with four characteristics when they selected the social governance tools,such as the overuse of management tools,the full use of service tools,the lack of choice of collaborative tools and the lack of development of autonomous tools.Besides this,on this dimension,there is a structural deviations existing in the procedure of tools selection.Secondly,the Continuity and stability as well as the characteristics of trending towards good governance are attributes which appears on selection action by local government when we probing from the time dimension.Thirdly,on the spatial dimension,the social governance tools selection taken by local government emerging on characteristics of consistency in the choice structure,differences in strong preferences,and the east area has balance superiority over the central and western.In order to further improve the performance of social governance tools and promote the modernization of social governance,local governments should rationally choose appropriate tools or actively optimize the structure of social governance tools,so as to reach a high quality of co-construction and co-governance and sharing of social governance pattern.