上海市职业生命阶段人群高血压患病与生活方式的关系

Relationship between lifestyle and hypertension in occupational population in Shanghai

【目的】探索社区职业生命阶段人群高血压患病与生活方式之间的关系及其影响因素。【方法】采用2013年上海市慢性病及其危险因素监测数据,利用logistic回归分析职业生命阶段人群(18～60岁)中高血压患病与生活方式之间的关系。【结果】共有3 376名研究对象纳入分析,研究结果显示性别、年龄、文化程度、是否吸烟、是否饮酒、职业、超重、肥胖对高血压的患病情况有影响(P<0.05)。调整年龄、性别、婚姻状况、职业混杂因素后,摄入过多谷薯类及杂豆、摄入过少水果及摄入过多蛋类与高血压的发生之间的关联有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,谷薯摄入过多与高血压的发生存在关联(OR=1.336,95%CI:1.126～1.586);低体重与高血压的发生呈负相关,超重和肥胖与高血压的发生呈正相关。【结论】应加强社区18～60岁处于职业生命阶段的人群合理营养、平衡膳食的健康教育,提高该人群自我管理的意识,并从行为方式上进行干预,改变不良生活行为方式是预防高血压的重要措施。

[Objective] To analyze the relationship between lifestyle and hypertension in occupational population. [Methods] The data used were from Shanghai Non-communicable and Chronic Disease(NCD) Surveillance in 2013.The residents in communities were selected for the study by multi-stage stratified random sampling method(18~60 years old) and logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between lifestyle and hypertension. [Results] A total of 3 376 subjects were selected.The results showed that sex,age,educational level,smoke,drinking,profession,overweight,obesity had effects on the prevalence of high blood pressure(P<0.05).In addition,after adjusting age,gender,marital status and career,intaking excessive valley potato and miscellaneous beans and too few fruits as well as too many eggs had effects on the prevalence of high blood pressure(P<0.05).Multivariable analysis showed that intaking more valley potato and miscellaneous beans had effects on the prevalence of high blood pressure(OR=1.336,95% CI:1.126~1.586).Low weight was negatively correlated with hypertension and overweight as well as obesity were positively correlated with hypertension. [Conclusion] Health education about rational nutrition and a balanced diet should be strengthened in occupational population who are always under work stress.Meanwhile,self-management should be strengthened and lifestyle interventions performed.Changing the bad behavior lifestyle would be an important measure to prevent hypertension.