上海市自报糖尿病患者综合控制现状及与饮食状况的关系

Relationship between integrated control and dietary status in self-reported diabetes in Shanghai

【目的】研究上海市≥35岁自报糖尿病患者生理生化指标与饮食状况的关系,为下一步慢性病营养干预工作提供科学依据。【方法】采用2013年上海市慢性病及其危险因素监测数据,对≥35岁自报糖尿病患者的生理生化监测和饮食调查数据进行分析,单因素分析采用t检验和χ~2检验,用logistic回归分析相关因素。【结果】社区自报糖尿病患者血压、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、血脂4项综合达标率分别为18.08%、37.81%、57.30%、17.14%、53.30%、63.70%、35.83%、7.11%,其中血脂单项和综合的达标率均为男性高于女性(P<0.01)。除TC外,血压、空腹血糖、HbA1c、TG、HDL-C不达标可能与其相关膳食因素摄入不足或超量及饮酒有关。【结论】社区糖尿病患者应加强降糖、降压、调脂等综合干预,开展科学的营养干预,在保持能量平衡的同时确保各类食物摄入符合中国居民膳食推荐摄入量。

[Objective] To investigate the relationship between physiological and biochemical indexes and dietary status in self-reported diabetes aged ≥35 years in Shanghai,and to provide the basis for the next step of nutritional intervention for diabetics. [Methods] Data from Shanghai Chronic Disease Surveillance(2013) was used for analysis,including biomedical outcomes and dietary investigation.The t test and Chi-square test were used for univariate analyses and logistic regression was performed for multivariate analyses. [Results] The control rates of blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,HbA1 c,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C and the four items of lipids were respectively 18.08%,37.81%,57.30%,17.14%,53.30%,63.70%,35.83% and 7.11% in self-reported diabetes patients,and the control rates of blood lipids were higher in men than in women(P<0.01).Uncontrolled blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,HbA1 c,TG,HDL-C might be related to insufficient or excessive intake of related dietary factors,except TC. [Conclusion] Diabetes patients should strengthen the comprehensive intervention for reducing blood sugar,controlling blood pressure and lipid,carrying out scientific nutritional intervention,in addition to maintaining energy balance to ensure that all kinds of food intake are in line with the recommended dietary intake for Chinese residents.