上海市松江区2016年传染病类公共卫生苗子事件分析

Epidemiological characteristics of public health potentially related infectious incidents in Songjiang District of Shanghai,2016

【目的】分析松江区2016年传染病类公共卫生苗子事件的流行病学特征,为针对性地开展传染病防控提供依据。【方法】通过传染病相关监测预警系统、医疗机构报告、事发单位或个人报告等途径收集松江区2016年1月1日—12月31日接报的苗子事件,应用描述性流行病学方法对数据进行分析。【结果】2016年松江区累计报告传染病类公共卫生苗子事件157起,其中市级响应标准2起,区级响应标准155起。累计发病813人,无死亡病例。苗子事件主要集中在松江区东部和中部地区,报告地区前5位的是方松街道、泗泾镇、九亭镇、新桥镇及中山街道。报告病种前5位的是手足口病、麻疹、风疹、水痘及聚集性呕吐腹泻。其中,手足口病、水痘、聚集性呕吐腹泻主要发生在托幼机构和小学,麻疹、风疹主要发生在家庭。报告时间集中在4～6月和9～11月。【结论】松江区传染病类公共卫生苗子事件应重点关注流动人口较多的中部和东部地区,特别是托幼机构和学校相对集中的方松街道易发生学生聚集性疫情。目前麻疹的发病水平距国家消除麻疹的目标仍有差距,应进一步做好病例的监测、报告及重点人群的补充免疫。

[Objective] To analyse the epidemiological characteristics of public health potentially related infectious incidents in Songjiang District of Shanghai in 2016,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. [Methods] Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data on potential events reported by infectious disease related monitoring and early warning system,medical institutions,and the incident unit or individuals from January 1 to December 31,2016 in Songjiang District. [Results] In 2016,a total of 157 potential events were reported,including 2 consistent to municipal response standard,155 to district response standard.Cumulative incidence was 813 cases,with no deaths. Potential events were mainly concentrated in the eastern and central regions of Songjiang;the top 5 reported areas were Fangsong Street,Sijing Town,Jiuting Town,Xinqiao Town and Zhongshan Street.The top 5 diseases reported were HFMD,measles,rubella,chicken pox,and aggregated vomiting and diarrhea.Among them,HFMD,chicken pox,aggregated vomiting and diarrhea occurred mainly in the kindergarten and primary school,measles and rubella in the family.Reporting time concentrated in from April to June and September to November. [Conclusion] Concern for potential events should be focused on the central and eastern parts where there is more floating population,especially in nurseries and schools,in which the Fangsong Street students prove to be prone to aggregation of the epidemic.At present,there is still a gap between the level of measles incidence and the national goal of eliminating measles,therefore,there is much to be done for surveillance,report and supplementary immunization of key population.