上海市华漕社区外来务工人员子女学校学生屈光状况分析

Refractive status analysis on children of migrant workers′ schools in Huacao community of Shanghai

【目的】了解上海市华漕社区外来务工人员子女学校学生屈光状态及影响因素,为防治屈光不正提供科学依据。【方法】对851名外来务工子女学校学生进行散瞳复查屈光要素和问卷调查,分析其屈光状态及影响因素。【结果】男生视力好于女生,男生角膜曲率小于女生,男生眼轴长度大于女生,差异有统计学意义。随着年级的升高,学生的视力、等效球镜度、角膜曲率逐渐下降,眼轴长度增长,差异有统计学意义。不同屈光度组间比较,视力和眼轴长度有明显差异,且屈光度与视力呈正相关性(r=0.31,P<0.001),与眼轴长度呈负相关性(r=-0.204,P<0.001)。随着近视程度的加深,不同屈光度组间学生平均作业时间有增加趋势,而每天户外活动时间有减少趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。提示户外活动时间长是预防近视的一个保护因素,而作业时间长是近视的一个高危因素。【结论】对外来务工人员子女学校学生进行屈光检查,有助于了解学生的屈光状态,提出针对性的干预措施和个性化建议,对降低学生的屈光不正起到积极作用。

[Objective] To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of ametropia,and ascertain the refractive status and influencing factors for migrant children in Huacao community [Methods] Analysis was done through investigation of mydriatic refractive factors and review of questionnaires by 851 students of the migrant children schools. [Results] Boys had better visual acuity than girls;boys had smaller corneal curvature than girls;males had longer axial lengths than females,and the differences were statistically significant;as the grade went up,students′ visual acuity,spherical equivalent,corneal curvature decreased gradually,with the growth of the higher grade axial length,the difference was statistically significant;comparison of different diopter groups visual acuity,and axial length were significantly different,and the correlation between diopter and visual acuity were positive(r=0.31,P<0.001),and negatively correlated with axial length(r=-0.204,P<0.001);in different diopter groups,as myopia deepened,it was found that the average homework time for students tended to increase while the daily outdoor activity time for them had a tendency to decrease;the differences proved to be statistically significant to the change in dioptor,suggesting that outdoor activities for a longer time was a protective factor in the prevention of myopia,and longer homework time a risk factor for myopia. [Conclusion] Refractive examination is helpful to understand the refractive status of students in migrant workers′ schools in the Huacao community,and suggests targeted interventions and personalized advice,playing a positive role in reducing students′ refractive errors.