SFE-CO_2萃取东北柞蚕蛹油的工艺及脂肪酸成分研究

Investigation on the extraction technology of Northeast tussah pupa oil with SFE-CO_2 and analysis of its composition

目的本文对东北地区极其丰富的生物资源柞蚕蛹油进行提取工艺研究,并分析其脂肪酸的主要组成成分。方法通过超临界二氧化碳流体(SFE-CO2)萃取法提取东北柞蚕蛹油并利用均匀设计法优化萃取条件,最后通过气象色谱法分析东北柞蚕蛹混合脂肪酸的主要成分。结果确定了SFE-CO2萃取东北柞蚕蛹油的操作条件为:萃取压力50 MPa,萃取温度45℃,萃取时间6 h,东北柞蚕蛹干粉中蛹油的萃取率为17.93%(w/w)。经气相色谱法分析其脂肪酸组成主要为碳十五烷酸37.03%,棕榈酸5.63%,碳十七烷酸32.81%,硬脂酸1.79%,油酸3.75%,亚油酸11.98%,α-亚麻酸7%。结论本文采用SFE-CO2萃取法萃取东北柞蚕油,提取率较高,工艺可靠,为进一步开发东北柞蚕蛹油中的不饱和脂肪酸奠定了基础。

Objective To investigate the extracting technology of the Northeast tussah pupa oil and analyze the composition of the oil. Methods The Northeast tussah pupa were crushed and dried at 60℃. The oil was extracted from the Northeast tussah pupa powder with super critical fluid extraction technology-CO2 (SFE-CO2) at the extracting temperature as 45 ℃,pressure as 50 MPa and operating time as 6 hours according to the results of homogeneous design. The composition of the oil was detected by gas chromatography (GC).Results The extracting rate of the oil from the Northeast tussah pupa powder was 17.93% (w/w)and the percent of compositions of the oil were C15:0 fatty acid 37.03%,hexadecanoic acid 5.63%,C17:0 fatty acid 32.81%,octadecanoic acid 1.79%,leic acid 3.75%,octadecadienoic acid 11.98% and α-1inoleic acid 7.00%. Conclusion The technology of SFE-CO2 can be used in extraction of Northeast tussah pupa with High extraction efficiency.