现代性的极限化演进及其拯救

On the Radicalization of Modernism and its Countermeasures

西方学界从两个不同的路径来界定现代性:其一,现代性作为真实的历史事实,成为现代与古典时期的年代断裂;其二,现代性是启蒙理性所构筑的一种思想幻象。后一界定产生了深远的现实后果。它在其演进过程中逐渐被窄化为一种工具理性,从而将现代性视为一种仅仅关注于可计算的量化演进,强调了一种进步强制,并在自我演进中呈现出一种极限化的发展态势,似乎成为一部发展的永动机。为了遏制这一极限化的发展态势,克服现代性带来的现实恶果,本文运用了福柯对于康德之启蒙思想的继承性解读,从现代性之发展源头探寻一种对现代性发展的限定,以界限意识所构筑的启蒙理性,补充工具理性对启蒙的片面化规定,并将现代性为自我设定界限视为现代性的成熟状态。

The western intellectual world has two definitions to Modernism:one is regarded as a historical period emerged after the classical period,while the other is identified as an illusion constructed by the enlightenment reason.Of which the latter has a greater lingering impact on later studies.However,with the development of modernism,it has been radicalized to be a progressive compulsion,making the reason only to be a tool.This study,by reinterpreting Foucault and Kants thought of enlightenment,stresses the attitude of limit as the key point of enlightenment,and views self-limitation as maturity of modernism.