贫困代际传递的演化博弈与政策制度探析

An Analysis on the Evolutionary Game of the Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty and its Counter-measures and Policies

文章以政策选择为出发点,对贫困代际传递问题进行动态演化博弈分析,证实长期贫困所形成的贫困文化既是致使贫困代际传递的内生根源,又是贫困代际传递的必然结果。文章据此阐释了贫困代际传递的发生机理,并说明贫困阶层为何无法改变贫困状态,而需要在政府的外力作用下摆脱贫困的代际传递。结合社会环境变量,探讨最有利于现阶段脱贫工作的政策选择,关注贫困家庭子代的人力资本提升,促进机会均等,并通过观念引导和政策扶持阻断贫困的代际传递,彻底消除代际贫困现象。

This paper conducts a dynamic evolutionary game analysis of the intergenerational transmission of poverty between fathers and sons with policy choice as the starting point.The findings prove that the poverty culture formed by long-term poverty is the inherent root of poverty;it is an inevitable result of the persistent intergenerational transmission.Based on this,this paper explains the mechanism of this poverty,and the reasons why the poor cannot shake off their poverty by themselves,but need the external force from the government.Combining the social environment variables determined by the policy factors in the model,this paper further explores the policy choices that are considered as most conducive to poverty alleviation at present,such as,transforming short-term targeted poverty alleviation into long-term mechanism alleviation,adjusting the use of limited poverty alleviation funds under financial pressure,paying more attention to human capital improvement of the poor family descendants,and promoting equal opportunities,so as to reduce the social security level.This paper concludes that the intergenerational transmission of poverty can be blocked and later eliminated in China with ideological guidance and policy support working together.