中国城镇化进程中资源错配问题研究

A Research on the Misallocation and Optimization of Resources in Chinas Urbanization

在传统二元户籍制度下,人口迁移导致资源错配,严重制约了中国城镇化质量的提升。伴随着快速城镇化和大规模人口迁移,各地在原有按户籍人口配置资源的标准下,'按常住人口计算的人均资源'与'按户籍人口计算的人均资源'的差距越来越大,由此产生了严重的资源错配问题,具体表现为土地与住房以及各类公共服务资源在人口迁出地和迁入地之间的结构性过剩与短缺。文章探讨了中国城镇化进程中的资源错配现象及其形成原因,在此基础上,根据按常住人口配置各类资源的原则,从科学落实人地挂钩、推进进城农民的居住市民化、促进常住人口与服务挂钩等方面提出了优化资源配置、提高城镇化质量的路径。

Within the traditional dual system of Chinese hukou(registered permanent residence system),the resource misallocation caused by migration restricts the improvement of urbanization quality.In this background,the gap between the per capita resources calculated by hukou population and the per capita resources calculated by the resident population becomes wider,mainly embodied in the structural surplus and shortage of land,real estate,public services and the like between emigration areas and immigration areas.After analyzing the forms of resource misallocation and their causes,this research suggests that resource allocation should comply with the migration and the amount of local residents and optimize the allocation of resources to improve the quality of urbanization by properly coordinating the relations between men and their land,between the resident population and the services,and promoting the migrants’residence.