中华绒螯蟹土池人工生态育苗水质调控的研究

Water quality and its control in artificially ecological breeding ponds of Chinese mitten crab

研究了pH对中华绒螯蟹Eriocheirsinensis溞状幼体Ⅱ期(Z2)变态的影响,即pH为5 5～9 6时Z2期幼体可变态,最适pH为7 0～9 1。监测了施用漂白粉后池水中有效氯的衰减及pH日变化情况,结果表明,18mg/L的有效氯29h基本衰减完毕;施用漂白粉后,池水pH先升高,最高达9 20,5d后接近原海水的pH值。室外土池泼洒1 0mg/L的敌百虫,失效时间为3d。在温度(16±2)℃、盐度28的条件下,对利氏才女虫Polydoraligni进行了pH适应性试验和不同pH下总氨氮的急性毒性试验,结果表明:利氏才女虫在pH为10 0时,24h内虽可存活,但已产生不良影响;在pH为8 5、9 0、9 5、10 0时,总氨氮对多毛类的24LC50分别为31 77、11 26、3 18、0 32mg/L。并根据试验结果,总结出一套适合于河蟹生态育苗池和轮虫培养池生态调控水质的方法。

This paper deals with effects of pH on the metamorphosis of Eriocheir sinensis larva (zoea,Z) and attenuation of effective chlorine and the daily change in pH. It was found that metamorphosis of Z2 was possible at pH 5.5～9.6, optimal at pH 7.0～9.1. Effective chlorine of 18 mg/L completely attenuated 29 hours after applying bleaching powder to pond water in which pH rose first, reaching the peak 9.20, and then dropped to the original value 5 days after application. Dipterex became detoxic at 1.0 mg/L 3 days after application, indicating it should be used to control Calenside at least 3 days early. The pH adaptive trial of polychaeta and the acute toxic trial at different pH values, at (16±2)℃ and a salinity of 28 showed that polychaeta could endure pH 10.0. At pH 8.5, 9.0, 9.5, and 10.0, the 24 h LC50 for Polychaeta was 31.77, 11.26, 3.18, 0.32 mg/L, respectively. 