论法律行为概念的缘起与法学方法

On the reason why we have the conception of juristic act and the methodology in legal study

在比较法上,对法律行为理论及其制度的价值存在争议。本文从法学方法的角度,讨论何以在当时的德国会出现法律行为这一概念。文章认为,法律行为的概念与浪漫主义和精神科学对'理解'和'意义'的探求有关,而浪漫主义在法学领域推进的结果是历史法学派。最终创造法律行为的是理性法学派的体系化法学方法。在当时的德国,产生法律行为这一概念有某种必然性,这一根源在法学上,体现为罗马法学派与日耳曼学派的对立,但是更深刻的根源在于当时的政治、社会背景。

From the perspective of comparative law,there are some disputes between the necessity of the conception of Rechtsgeschaefte(juristic act)and its value in civil code,even though every society has variant juristic acts.This article discusses why juristic act was created at that time in Germany from the perspective of legal methodology.The idea of Rechtsgeschaefte is related to the exploration of historical jurisprudence and Geistewissenschafte scientists on understanding and meaning,which are the results of Romantics’impact.Rechtsgeschaefte was finally created by the Systmgedanken method applied by Vernuftlehre.Through exploration of the conceptual history of Rechtsgeschaeft in its political and social context,the article argues that the conception was feasible and useful at that time.Rechtsgeschaefte,one of the abstract concepts created by Begriffsjurisprudenz was based on the deep political background besides law.