近代中国民法学中的人格理论

Theories of personality in the civil law study in China in the first part of the 20th century

通过对近代中国民法学典籍的研读,不难发现,'人格'一词在汉语中的生成,是清末民初移植近代西方法学的成果。由于移植对象复杂、语词翻译不一致以及学说介绍局限等历史原因,近代中国关于法律人格的学说和立法存在极大的混乱,其原因在于对'人格'、'权利能力'二词不加区分的使用。由此,本文指出,'权利能力'和'人格'二者不能划等号。在承认人格平等的基础上,有必要承认权利能力的不平等。

Exploring the Chinese civil law works and codes which were produced in late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,the author points that,the appearance of the word"personality"in Chinese,is the fruit of transplanting the modern jurisprudence from western into China during that time,but for some historical reasons lied in law transplantation,words translation and theories introduction,there are serious confusion staying in the theories and legislation of the personality in modern China.Above all,this paper concludes that,"legal capacity"and"personality"are two different words;though the personality is equality,the legal capacity can be some inequality.