民国时期票据立法活动初探——兼与1995年票据立法比较

中华民国1929年票据法被公认为是一部具有很强前瞻性和可行性的成功立法。其成功主要有三个原因:一是北洋政府时期起草了五部票据法草案,并进行了深入的讨论,这为1929年票据法打下了良好的基础。二是南京政府在起草票据法的时候,吸收了较多专家学者参加立法,避免了'内行起草,外行审稿'而出现的失误。另外,南京政府工商部提交的草案比较完善。三是当时的民间团体(主要是上海银行公会)积极推动票据法立法,为立法活动提供了重要的舆论和智力支持。相比之下,1995年票据立法由于指导思想上的偏差和立法机关的失误,出现了许多重大的原则问题,给审判工作带来了很大的困扰和混乱。当前正在进行的民法典立法工作应该吸取这些历史的经验和教训。

The Law of Negotiable Instruments of 1929 was thought to be a farsighted and feasible law.The success of the law attributed to three reasons:firstly,the five drafts of negotiable instruments in BeiYang government period founded a good foundation for the Law of Negotiable Instruments of 1929:second-ly,when Nanjing government drafted the law,many experts took part in the legislation.Moreover,the draft put forward by the Industrial and Commercial Ministry was comparatively perfect;thirdly,many folk associations(especially ShangHai Banking Association)promoted the legislation of the law actively.Due to the warp of legislative ideas and the mistakes of the legislative institutions,there were many great problems in the Law of Negotiable Instruments of 1995,which disturbed trials.During the drafting of the civil code,we should learn the experiences and lessons of the past.