侵权法的机会损失规则研究

机会利益作为一种具有一定价值的财产受到当代侵权法的高度重视,两大法系国家的侵权法均对机会利益的保护问题做出了肯定或者否定的回答。损害的确定性理论规避了因果关系理论存在的问题,具有科学性和合理性。在确定被告就其过失行为对他人遭受的机会损失承担侵权责任时,法律原则上应当采取按比例赔偿原则,辅之以法官的自由裁量原则。

As a kind of valuable property,opportunity interest is attached great importance by the contemporary Tort Law,the Tort Laws in the states of Civil Law System and the Common Law System had made an either negative or affirmative answer.The deterministic damage theory unified science and rationality,because it eludes the problems existed in the causation theory.In determining how the defendant undertaking the tort liability for other’s opportunity loss that caused by his negligent act,the law should adopt proportional approach as principle,auxiliary by contributory discretion principle of the judge.