英国《2002年土地登记法》述评

英国土地法是一个充斥着古老概念的体系,土地交易方面的规则十分复杂。传统的普通法规则需要购买人自己调查产权,并追溯至'产权之根'。该传统规则对于土地交易而言,交易成本高,交易也不安全。因而,英国法一直存在着强大的财产法改革的呼声,土地登记法就是这个改革体系中的一部重要法律,承担着改革财产法、简化土地交易的重任。土地登记法通过推广强制登记、减少法定地产权的类型、增加可登记权益的范围、减少优先权益的类型、规定电子登记制度等方式来实现简化土地交易的目标。

British Land Law is a legal system full of ancient concepts.The rules concerning land transaction are extremely complicated.The traditional civil law rules require the buyer to investigate the property right dated back to"the root of title".Land transaction in accordance with this rule costs too much and is unsafe.In view of this,there have always been urges to reform property law.Land Registration Act is one of the important fruits resulting from the systematical reform.It is gradually simplifying land transaction in way of applying compulsory registration,reducing the types of legal estates,extending the scope of registrable rights and interests,reducing overriding rights,and setting up digital registration system,etc.