综艺节目的作品性质辨析

Research on the Nature of Works of Variety Shows

作品性质不同会直接影响著作权归属进而影响娱乐节目产业的发展。综艺节目的作品性质究竟是汇编作品还是影视作品,我国学术界和司法界一直未有定论。要解决这一分歧,必须首先明晰汇编作品和影视作品的理论关系。在著作权法上,独创性是区分不同作品类型的关键,也是探讨作品间相互关系的核心视角。对于汇编作品而言,其独创性主要表现为作者的'创造性选择'。影视作品的本质在于画面的呈现,对素材或在先作品的'创造性选择'和演绎是影视作品创作的基础和前提。影视作品的独创性主要体现在汇编与演绎基础上对镜头的衔接。鉴于综艺节目也具备由'镜头'与'衔接'呈现的运动的感觉,并形成了具有独创性的新的表达,综艺节目属于影视作品,而非汇编作品。

The differences in the nature of the works will directly affect the ownership of copyright of variety shows,and thus affect the development of entertainment industry.Therefore, as regards the nature of the works of variety shows, whether it is a compilation or cinematographic works, there has been no conclusion in the academic and judicial circles in our country.To resolve this difference, we must first clarify the theoretical relationship between the compilation of works and cinematographic works.In the copyright law, originality is the key to distinguish the types of different works, and also the core of the discussion of the relationship between the works. The originality of film and television works is mainly reflected in the convergence of lens based on the compilation and derivativeness. In the process of 'shots' and 'convergence' presented 'feeling of movement',television variety shows form a new expression of originality. Therefore,the legal nature of television variety shows is not compilation works, but cinematographic works.