论数据利益的保护路径——以数据利益的解构为视角

The Protection of the Data Interest: From the Perspective of Decomposing Data Interest

数据利益的产生机制决定了动态多样的数据利益难以被统筹于固化的数据权利之下。在以小数据为中心的数据实践中,数据利益从属于个人信息利益,不存在独立的积极权能;在以大数据为中心的数据实践中,数据集合具有独立于个人信息的形态和价值,其承载的数据利益具有独立的积极权能。数据权不仅存在难以攻克的理论障碍,同时也难以满足数据利益的动态保护需求。相反,行为规制模式不受权利构成理论的桎梏,可以启动多种保护路径,契合数据利益保护的动态性。因此,应当搁置数据赋权模式,改采行为规制模式,充分利用契约模式、反不正当竞争模式等。

The generation mechanism of data interests determines that diverse data interests cannot be integrated under the data right.In the small data practice,data interests subject to the personal information interests.There is no independently positive interest.In the big data practice,the big data have an independent form and value.It has independently positive interests.Creating the data right is not only confronted with theoretical barriers,but also fails to fill dynamic protection.On the contrary,the model centering on behavior regulation can avoid theoretical barriers and mobilize various ways to meet the dynamic needs of data protection.Therefore,creating the data right should be put aside and the model of behavior regulation is supposed to adopted.