从西方哲学看冯契的意见学说

Approaching Feng Qi’s Theory of Opinion from the Perspective of the Western Philosophy

'意见'是形成西方文明思想核心的大观念之一。西方认识论对意见与知识和真理作了区分,在此基础上,西方政治哲学、西方法律哲学从不同角度对意见与政治、意见与民主和法治、意见与权利和美德的关系进行了深入的阐述。在我国,著名哲学家冯契先生把意见作为哲学范畴引入以广义认识论为基础的'智慧说'体系,阐述了'一致而百虑'的意见的矛盾运动规律,阐明了在不同意见的争论中解决群己关系应当坚持的正确态度及理想人格的培养。从西方哲学看,冯契的意见学说不仅在认识论上阐述了由意见发展到知识和真理的矛盾运动,而且在哲学上论证了意见与民主和法治、意见与权利和德性的关系,这对于实现中国政治民主法治化具有重要的时代意义。

Opinion is one of the great ideas that forms the core of western civilization thoughts. The western epistemology, the western political philosophy and the western legal philosophy clarify the relationship of opinion and knowledge, of opinion and politics, and between opinion and democracy & rule of law, opinion and right & virtue.In China, the well-known philosopher Feng Qi, on the basis of epistemology, introduces opinion as philosophical category into the theory of wisdom, which expounds contradictory-driven movement of opinion achieving unanimity through the contention of diverse opinions, the right attitudes resolving group-individual relation and the cultivation of ideal personality in the contention of diverse opinions.Analyzing Feng Qi’s theory of opinion from the perspective of the western political philosophy, not only does it explain contradictory-driven movement of opinion developing to knowledge and truth on the basis of epistemology, but also argues the relationship of opinion and politics, and between opinion and democracy & rule of law, opinion and right & virtue. It is of great significance of times in the way of how to realize political democracy and rule of law in China.