儿童玩具机械物理性能伤害的风险评估

Risk Assessment of Mechanical and Physical Properties Harm on Children's Toys

根据儿童玩具的机械物理伤害风险的特点、危害及其所具有的模糊特性,在对大量国内外儿童玩具召回案例运用事故树等方法分析的基础上,提出了儿童玩具风险评估指标体系,将模糊综合评价方法与熵权法结合用于儿童玩具多因素风险水平评估,建立了以风险严重程度和发生概率的可能性为因子的二维风险评估矩阵。通过对音乐益智玩具风险评估,计算出了机械物理伤害发生的可能性P在[1/50,1/2]之间,结合儿童玩具机械物理伤害发生的严重度,运用二维矩阵最终确定儿童玩具直接伤害的风险水平为中等风险。

According to the feature, harm and the fuzzy characteristics of children’s toys and based on the analysis of a large number of domestic and foreign toys recall cases, the paper puts forward the risk assessment index system of children’s toys and adopts the fuzzy comprehensive assessment method and entropy-weighted method in the risk assessment with multiple elements, builds the two-dimensional risk assessment matrix with the factors of risk severity and possibility. Through the risk assessment of music educational toys, the possibility of mechanical and physical harm is calculated between 1/50 and 1/2, and combined with the severity of mechanical and physical harm, the risk level of direct harm is determined moderate risk through two-dimensional matrix.