缺陷产品召回法制建设研究

Research on the Legal System for Defective Product Recall

缺陷产品召回制度是一项国际通行的、针对批量性产品的产品安全监管措施。缺陷召回制度对于市场经济发展是柄双刃剑。一方面,市场的繁荣发展要求新鲜血液的注入,需要产品的创新与技术的突破,太过收紧产品安全监管抑制市场活性;另一方面,新兴产品及技术的复杂与不成熟易导致在设计、制造环节中出现纰漏,使产品存在损害人身、财产的不合理危险的可能性增加,缺陷产品召回作为一项事中事后监管措施和产品质量安全监管体系的重要手段,对我国在市场发展过程中保障消费者人身、财产安全、促进生产企业提升产品质量有重要作用。本文将从我国缺陷产品召回法制建设的现状出发,比较欧美等国缺陷产品召回立法现状分析当前我国缺陷召回法制建设的短板和问题,并提出我国缺陷产品法制建设的相关建议。

The defective product recall system is an international practice and product safety regulatory measure for mass products.It is also a double-edged sword for market development.On the one hand,the prosperity of market requires technological innovation,strict supervision of product may inhibit market activity;on the other hand,the complexity and immaturity of products and technologies may lead to leakage in design and manufacturing process,which increases the possibility of injuries caused by the unreasonable danger of products.Defective product recall system,as during and after supervision and an important measure in safety supervision system,plays an important role in safeguarding of consumers’personal and property safety as well as improvement of product quality.This paper reviews the legislation of defective product recall in Europe and the United States,analyzes the shortcomings of the defect product recall legal system in China,putting forward suggestions for this system.