我国淘宝村的空间组织与地理根植性

The spatial organization and geographic embeddedness of Taobao Village in China

以2015年我国淘宝村为研究对象,考察其空间分布特征与空间组织模式,发现其具有地理根植性;以经营商品的特殊性为切入点,经由"成本-价格"分析确定其地理根植性,最后则通过产业根植性给出根源性解释。研究发现:淘宝村在国家、地区、省、市、县和乡镇六个层面都呈非均衡分布,且具有显著集聚化特征;淘宝村符合由两种空间形态、两种流态和五种主体构建的网络购物空间组织模式框架,且可划分为自产自销、村内生产、一般村外生产、村外生产与专业市场结合等4种类型;淘宝村经营商品的特殊性,即本地绝对优势产品和成本优势产品是其在全国竞争中胜出和存在的关键;淘宝村经营商品的自然根植性、社会根植性和复合根植性是其地理根植性的根源。

Based on the data of 'Taobao Village' in 2015, we used spatial analysis and logical deduction to carry out our research. Firstly, we analyzed spatial distribution and spatial organization pattern of Taobao villages. Secondly, we used the cost-price analysis to find that geographic embeddedness exists. In the final part, we found out the source of geographic embeddedness is the industry embeddedness of Taobao Village products. This study found that, the distribution of Taobao Village is uneven and have obvious cluster characteristics;the spatial organization patterns of online shopping involve two space forms, two flows and five main bodies. According to the access to products and the distribution of the producers, we summarized four spatial organization patterns of Taobao Village: products produced and sold by sellers,products produced by their own village’s factories, products produced by their surrounding villages and without professional market, products produced by their surrounding villages and professional market offer them to sellers,products which Taobao villages sell are what have absolute advantage in their region or what are more competi1 tive at their costs. The sources of Taobao Village products’ geographic embeddedness are natural embeddedness of Taobao Village, social embeddedness of Taobao Village and the combination embeddedness.