丝材增材制造技术研究现状与展望

Research Status and Prospect of Wire Additive Manufacturing Technology

增材制造技术是近30年快速发展的特种加工技术,所用材料分为粉末和丝材,以丝材为材料的增材制造技术具有沉积率高、成分均匀、致密性高等优点。从热源角度分类,综述了丝弧增材制造技术、激光送丝熔覆增材制造技术、电子束熔丝沉积快速成形技术三种技术的原理、研究现状,并指出丝材增材制造技术具有巨大的发展潜力及良好的应用前景,未来主要研究将会在三个方向:一是研究多种热源混合,二是复合材料生产,三是材料的精确成形。

Additive manufacturing is a special machining technology which is developed rapidly in recent 30 years.The materials used in additive manufacturing are divided into powder and wire.The wire additive manufacturing technology has the advantages of high deposition rate,uniform composition and high densification.The principle and research status of wire arc additive manufacturing technology,wire-based laser additive manufacturing technology and electron beam freeform fabrication technology were summarized according to different heat sources.Great development potential and good application prospects of the wire additive manufacturing technology was pointed out.In the future,three directions of this technology will mainly studied which indudes the mix of multiple heat source,the production with composite materials,and the precision molding of the material.