森林生态资产资本化运营研究综述与展望

Capitalized Operation of Forest Ecological Assets: Review and Prospect

森林生态资产资本化运营是利用市场手段保护森林资源、改善生态环境,直接或间接创造收益的经济运作过程,对于实现森林可持续经营具有重要意义。文中在界定森林生态资产资本化运营概念的基础上,从运营要素、生态补偿机制与政策工具3个视角梳理了森林生态资产资本化运营的相关文献,并对现存的问题和未来发展方向进行探讨;最后提出相关建议:重视森林生态资本由谁来运营以及运营环境和目标等方面的要素作用,调动社会资本并实施与全民参与激励相容的市场化补偿机制,实行分类补偿并探索小尺度的森林生态补偿标准与评估方法,提高政府监督管理力度并合理利用金融政策工具。

The capitalized operation of forest ecological assets is an eco-economic operation process to protect forest resources,improve ecological environmentand directly or indirectly create income by market means.It plays an important role in achieving the sustainable forest management.On the basis of defining the concept of capitalized operation of forest eco-assets,this research systematically reviews the relevant literature in terms of elements of capitalized operation,ecological compensation mechanism and policy tools,and discusses the existing problems and future development directions are also prospected.At the end,it is suggested that we should attach importance to the factors such as the persons operating forest ecological capital,the operating environment and objectives,mobilizesocial capitals for implementing market compensation mechanism compatible with incentives of national participation,implement classified compensation and explore small-scale forest ecological compensation standards and assessment methods,and strengthen the supervision and management of the government,and rationally use financial policy tools to improve the operational efficiency.