论地方行政许可设定权的界限

On the Limitation of the Establishment Power of Local Administrative Licensing

作为规范地方性事务管理的地方行政许可设定权,其实质是在不抵触中央立法的前提下,权衡本地实际需要,以决定是否设定行政许可的立法预测和评估权力。但在目前中央立法授权模糊的背景下如何更好地把握该项权力的行使界限,则是一个现实课题。本文在解析该项权力的实质内涵基础上,提出了内外部界限的观点。在中央与地方这一垂直关系的划分基础上,以设定目的与事项的不同排列来阐释地方行政许可设定权的外部权限;从是否设定的决定裁量与如何设定的选择裁量这两个既是立法规律又是立法裁量的空间角度,来阐释地方行政许可设定权的内部界限。

As an administrative management means to regulate the local affairs, the establishment power of local administrative licensing is essentially the freedom of legislative prediction and assessment. However, it is the reality issue of how to defi ne the limitation of this power to be a better situation under central laws whose delegation are not clear. The paper offers to analyze the limitation of the power from external and internal regulation. External regulation shall be set up according to deferent arrangement of objectives and affairs in establishment on the foundation of vertical division between central and local authorities. Internal regulation shall be set up from two solutions, i.e., discretions of whether to establish and how to establish, accord with principles of proportionality and equality.