贸易格局变化影响中国劳动力技能结构变化研究

A Study on the Effect of Trade Patterns on the Skills Structure of China's Labor Force

对外贸易在一定程度上能够影响一国劳动力结构的调整,而现有研究忽略了不同贸易伙伴的影响差异。因而,本文重点从贸易伙伴的视角分析不同类型贸易对我国劳动力技能结构的影响差异。研究发现:与发达贸易伙伴国之间进行的中间品类出口贸易和最终品类进口贸易对我国高技能劳动力结构优化所起的带动作用明显高于与不发达贸易伙伴国之间进行的同类贸易;然而,并非与之进行的所有贸易均能起到带动作用,其中最终品类出口贸易、用于国内生产的中间品类进口贸易和用于出口生产的中间品类进口贸易并未能起到明显的促进作用;同时,不能忽视不发达贸易伙伴国所存在的带动作用,与之进行的用于出口生产所需的中间品类进口贸易起到了较为显著的促进作用。

International trade can affect the adjustment of the labor force structure in a certain extent,and the existing research ignores the influence from different trading partners.Therefore,the author focuses on the difference of the influence of trade on the structure of labor skills in China from the perspective of trading partners.The results show that:The export trade of intermediate goods and the import of final products with the developed trade partners play a leading role in the optimization of the structure of high-skilled labor force in China,which is significantly higher than that of the underdeveloped trading partners;However,not all trade with the developed trade partners can play a leading role,Such as the export trade of the final goods,the import of intermediate goods for domestic production and the import of intermediate goods for export production,cannot playing a significant role.At the same time,the promotion role of underdeveloped trading partners cannot be ignored,especially for the import of intermediate goods needed for export production,which has played a more significant role in promoting.