阿尔塔什水利枢纽工程生态放水阀选型研究

Study on ecological drain valve selection of Altash Water Control Project

为避免河道断流、保护下游河道生态,以合理设置生态放水系统为目标,以阿尔塔什水利枢纽工程生态放水阀为例,分析阀门的工作原理和选用方法。针对多喷孔套筒阀和锥型中空喷射阀两种型式的生态放水阀,利用PROE软件建立全尺寸三维模型,分析水库校核洪水位和水库死水位两种边界条件下阀门全开流量、流速和出口尾水压力。结果表明:在水库校核洪水位及死水位两种工况下,套筒阀和调流阀阀门全开流量均大于21 m^3/s,下游出口平均流速小于3 m/s,出口处压力为尾水压力;考虑到叶尔羌河河道泥沙含量较大,套筒阀的网孔及沟槽结构易遭破坏或堵塞,选择锥型中空喷射阀;从适当减小阀门尺寸、减少振动及气蚀等角度综合考虑,确定锥型阀公称直径1.60 m,额定承压2.2 MPa。研究成果为今后其他类似水利设施生态放水阀门的选型提供参考。

In order to avoid the river cutoff and protect the ecological environment of the downstream river,reasonable ecologicalregulation system is set up to study operational principle and selecting methods of drain valve for ecological drainage by takingecological drain valve selection of Altash Project for instance. Aiming at difference between two types of regulation valve formulti-jet telescoping valve and conical hollow jet discharge valve,full-size 3 D model is established by PROE software to analyzethe flow,velocity and tail water pressure of fully open outlet valve under two kinds of boundary conditions of check flood leveland dead water level of reservoir. The results indicate that wide-open flow of telescoping valve and regulating valve are more than21 m3/s,mean flow rate of downstream outlet is less than 3 m/s,and the pressure of exit is tail water pressure within two condi-tions of check flood level and dead water level. Due to high muddy sand content in Yerqiang River channel,telescoping valvemashes and trench structure is easy to be blocked or destroyed,so the conical hollow jet discharge valve is selected. From per-spectives of reducing valve size,vibration and cavitation properly,nominal diameter is determined to be 1.60 m,and rated pres-sure is determined to be 2.2 MPa. The research can provide reference for selection of other ecological water valves in similar waterconservancy facilities.