国外马克思主义圣经批评研究概览

An Overview of the Study of Marxist Biblical Criticism Abroad

之所以研究'国外马克思主义圣经批评',既因为这种批评范式体现了当代圣经研究的重大突破,为科学认知圣经本身的固有性质所不可或缺;也因为这一课题有助于深入了解马克思主义与圣经文化精神的某些内在关联性。然而,即便在当代西方圣经研究界,马克思主义批评依然处于边缘化位置。相对于国外学者已取得较为丰硕的前期成果,国内的相关研究尚处于起步阶段。本文依次论及如下内容:马克思主义理论家与圣经的关系;政治视野中的马克思主义圣经批评;马克思主义圣经审美批评;唯物史观论域中的《希伯来圣经》;诺曼·哥特瓦尔德的学术创建;马克思主义《新约》研究。

The reason for studying 'Marxist Biblical criticism abroad' is that this critical paradigm has produced great breakthroughs in contemporary Bible research, and is indispensable for a scientific understanding of the inherent nature of the Bible itself. The subject is also helpful for a deeper understanding of some of the internal relations between Marxism and biblical culture/ethos. Yet even in contemporary Western biblical research, Marxist criticism remains marginalized. Compared with foreign scholarship, domestic research in China is still in its initial stages. This paper addresses the following themes in succession: the relationship between Marxist theorists and the Bible;Marxist biblical criticism from a political perspective;Marxist critical biblical aesthetics;the Hebrew Bible and historical materialism;the scholarship of Norman K. Gottwald;and Marxist New Testament studies.