毫无欢喜的痛楚? 鲁迅对殉道精神的认同

Agony, but no Ecstasy? Lu Xun’s Identification with the Crucifixion

如同五四时期的众多知识分子,鲁迅视历史人物耶稣为精神革新者,并为之深深折服。鲁迅造'精神界之战士'②一词,来形容那些热情高涨、预备随时牺牲,以图救赎灵魂之人——这种救赎并非宗教上的宽恕罪恶,而是要唤醒民众心智,使其脱离无知与麻木。本文指出鲁迅深切认同此种'战士'的使命,事实上,他不断将殉道情结投射于历史人物之上,例如苏格拉底和耶稣,以及其作品中虚构的基督式人物:短篇小说《药》中的夏瑜,以及散文诗《复仇(其二)》中的'人之子'。

Like many intellectuals of the May Fourth era, Lu Xun was fascinated with the historical Jesus, primarily as a spiritual reformer. Lu Xun coined the phrase 'warrior of the spirit' to describe a person of unusual zeal who readily sacrifices himself or herself in the usually vain attempt to redeem souls—not in the religious sense of forgiveness of sins, but, rather, in the pursuit of consciousness.This paper will make clear that Lu Xun deeply identified with the mission of such 'warriors' and,in fact,repeatedly projected his martyr complex upon both historical personages, such as Socrates and Jesus,and fictional Christ-like characters from his own creative works—primarily Xia Yu from the short story Medicine and the 'son of man'from the prose poem Revenge(Ⅱ).